منابع مشابه
Conditioning as disintegration
Conditional probability distributions seem to have a bad reputation when it comes to rigorous treatment of conditioning. Technical arguments are published as manipulations of Radon±Nikodym derivatives, although we all secretly perform heuristic calculations using elementary de®nitions of conditional probabilities. In print, measurability and averaging properties substitute for intuitive ideas a...
متن کاملEquational reasoning for conditioning as disintegration
Conditional distributions are widely used for practical inference, even when the condition has zero probability (such as setting a continuous variable to an observed value). This popularity contrasts with the scary pitfalls (such as Borel’s paradox) that beset rigorous treatments of conditioning. In general, conditional expectations may arise that do not correspond to any conditional distributi...
متن کاملNeerlandica Conditioning as disintegrationbyJoseph
Conditional probability distributions seem to have a bad reputation when it comes to rigorous treatment of conditioning. Technical arguments are published as manipulations of Radon-Nikodym derivatives, although we all secretly perform heuristic calculations using elementary deenitions of conditional probabilities. In print, measurability and averaging properties substitute for intuitive ideas a...
متن کاملVertical Disintegration
With economies of scale, a vertically integrated firm can lower its upstream cost by supplying downstream competitors. The competitors may strategically choose not to purchase from the integrated firm, unless the latter’s price for the intermediate good is sufficiently lower than those of alternative suppliers. In a simple model of dynamic scale economies through learning by doing, equilibrium ...
متن کاملUltrasonic disintegration as a method of extracting bacterial enzymes.
In recent years several techniques have been developed for the purpose of disintegrating bacterial cells. These have depended upon different principles ranging from autolytic rupture of the cell to grinding with powdered glas (Lipmann, 1938; Koepsell and Johnson, 1942; Wiggert et al., 1940; Kalnitsky et al., 1945; Booth and Green, 1938). Although each method has merit for some specific problem,...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Statistica Neerlandica
سال: 1997
ISSN: 0039-0402,1467-9574
DOI: 10.1111/1467-9574.00056